Address: Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny, 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V.Lomonosov, office 1425

Phone: +7 (8182) 21-61-18
E-mail: forest@narfu.ru
http://lesnoizhurnal.ru/en/

Lesnoy Zhurnal

Lumber Production for Construction from Round Timber with Heart Rot

Версия для печати

A.S. Toropov, V.E. Byzov, S.A. Toropov

Complete text of the article:

Download article (pdf, 0.5MB )

UDС

691.113

DOI:

10.17238/issn0536-1036.2019.4.133

Abstract

Coniferous lumber is popular in low-rise wooden house construction. However, the condition of round timber for lumber production has been going down in recent years. Timber with heart rot is very common nowadays. As a rule, the heart rot removal occurs in harvesting of round timber. At the same time, disease-free sap wood is removed together with the wood affected by the rot in timber cutting. Therefore, a large amount of sound timber remains in forest. Cutting of timber with rot reduces the yield of lumber for construction, as far as rot’s presence in building structures is not allowed. A method of cutting round timber with heart rot is proposed for the purposes of production I-beams from solid wood. It is necessary to know the form and sizes of rot for high-quality rough ripping of round timber with heart rot. The relationship between the cross-sectional dimensions of round timber and heart rot along the length of assortments is quite accurately described by the equations of correlative (allometric) growth. The schemes of cutting round timber with heart rot have been developed taking into account these dependencies. Cutting was carried out by split-pith sawing scheme. Firstly, two four-side edged cants with heart rot in the central part of one of the cross-section layers were produced. Then the beams were longitudinally divided into two parts. Rot was removed from these parts by milling. Angle bars for I-beams production were obtained as a result of conditional cutting of pine round timber. The studies of the I-beam made of angle bars were carried out. The calculated stresses of beam bending do not exceed the accepted values. The useful output of such bars made of round timber with heart rot is calculated. It has been found that the method of manufacturing elements of building constructions from round timber with heart rot will allow to use them in low-rise wooden house construction. This will expand the wood resources for construction.

Authors

A.S. Toropov1, Doctor of Engineering, Prof.; ORCID: 0000-0003-4414-2505
V.E. Byzov2, Candidate of Engineering, Assoc. Prof.; ORCID: 0000-0002-2078-5226
S.A. Toropov1, External PhD Student

Affiliation

1Volga State University of Technology, pl. Lenina, 3, Yoshkar-Ola, Mari El Republic, 424000, Russian Federation; e-mail: Toropov_A_S@mail.ru 
2St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, ul. 2-ya Krasnoarmeyskaya, 4, Saint Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation; e-mail: mapana@inbox.ru

Keywords

round timber, heart rot, allometric growth equations, solid wood I-beam, angle bars, lumber useful output for building structures

For citation

Toropov A.S., Byzov V.E., Toropov S.A. Lumber Production for Construction from Round Timber with Heart Rot. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Forestry Journal], 2019, no. 4, pp. 133–145. DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2019.4.133

References

1. Vorontsova N.A., Filatov N.V., Shestopalov E.G. Use of Cell Kleefanernyh with Perforated Walls in Building Structures Low-Rise Wooden. Vologdinskie chteniya, 2012, no. 80, pp. 74–76.
2. GOST 8486–86. Coniferous Sawn Timber. Specifications. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2007. 7 p.
3. Karelskiy A.V., Zhuravleva T.P., Labudin B.V. Load-to-Failure Bending Test of Wood Composite Beams Connected by Gang Nail. Inzhenerno-stroitel’nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering], 2015, no. 2, pp. 77–127. DOI: 10.5862/MCE.54.9
4. Kuznetsov I.L., Kraynov I.V., Gimranov L.R. Reinforcement of a Glue-Laminated Plywood I-Joist. Izvestiya KGASU [News of the KSUAE], 2015, no. 4, pp. 166–170.
5. Litovchenko P., Moloshnyy V., El’kina I., Litovchenko S. Experimental Research of Wooden J-Beams. MOTROL, 2009, vol. 11V, pp. 145–151.
6. Mikhailenko O.A., Kozhevnikova M.S. About the Influence of the Anisotropy of the Elastic Properties of Wood and Plywood to the Stress-Strain State Combined Structure. Engineering Sciences – From Theory to Practice: Collection of Academic Papers on the Proc. of the LXIII Int. Sci.-Pract. Conf. No. 10(58). Novosibirsk. SibAK Publ., 2016, pp. 118–126.
7. Ogurtsov V.V., Kargina E.V., Matveeva I.S. Dependence of Lumber Output on
Sort Groups of Logs by Thickness. Khvoynyye boreal’noy zony [Conifers of the Boreal Area], 2013, vol. 31, no. 5-6, pp. 71–75.
8. Sintsov A.V., Sintsov V.P. Strength and Deformability of a Composite Wooden Beam with Wall Made of Oriented Strand Board. Stroitel’stvo i tekhnogennaya bezopasnost’ [Construction and industrial safety], 2014, no. 50, pp. 152–158.
9. SP 64.13330.2017. Timber Structures. Updated Version of SNiP II-25–80. Moscow, Minstroy Rossii Publ., 2017. 97 p.
10. Toropov A.S. Study of the Subject of Labor of Wood Exploitation: Laboratory Operations Manual. Yoshkar-Ola, MarGTU Publ., 1995. 16 p.
11. Toropov A.S., Toropov S.A., Mikryukova E.V. Investigation of Wood Affected by Stump Rot. Lesnoy Zhurnal. [Forestry Journal], 2009, no. 4, pp. 95–100.
12. Tusnin A.R., Prokic M. Experimental Research of I-Beams under Bending and Torsion Actions. Inzhenerno-stroitel’nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering], 2015, no. 1(53), pp. 24–31. DOI: 10.5862/MCE.53.3
13. Aro M., Brashaw B.K., Donahue P.K. Mechanical and Physical Properties of Thermally Modified Plywood and Oriented Strand Board Panels. Forest Products Journal, 2014, vol. 64, iss. 7-8, pp. 281–289. DOI: 10.13073/FPJ-D-14-00037
14. Benjeddou O., Limam O., Ouezdou M.B. Experimental and Theoretical Study of a Foldable Composite Beam. Engineering Structures, 2012, vol. 44, pp. 312–321. DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.06.011
15. BS EN 338:2003. Structural Timber. Strength Classes. BSI, 2003. 14 p.
16. Challamel N., Girhammar U.A. Lateral-Torsional Bucking of Vertically Layered Composite Beams with Interlayer Slip under Uniform Moment. Engineering Structures, 2012, vol. 34, pp. 505–513. DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.10.004
17. Davis P.M., Gupta R., Sinha A. Revisiting the Neutral Axis in Wood Beams. Holzforschung, 2012, vol. 66, pp. 497–503. DOI: 10.1515/HF.2011.180
18. Fernando D., Frangi A., Kobel P. Behavior of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer Strengthened Timber Laminates under Tensile Load. Engineering Structures, 2016, vol. 117, pp. 437–456. DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.03.009
19. Harte A.M., Baylor G. Structural Evaluation of Castellated Timber I-Joists. Engineering Structures, 2011, vol. 33, iss. 12, pp. 3748–3754. DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct. 2011.08.011
20. Hu C., Xiao M., Zhou H., Wen W., Yun H. Damage Detection of Wood Beams Using the Differences in Local Modal Flexibility. Journal of Wood Science, 2011, vol. 57, pp. 479–483. DOI: 10.1007/s10086-011-1200-3
21. Khorsandnia N., Valipour H.R., Crews K. Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Timber Beams and Joints Using the Layered Approach and Hypoelastic Constitutive Law. Engineering Structures, 2013, vol. 46, pp. 606–614. DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.08.017
22. O’Loinsigh C., Oudjene M., Shotton E., Pizzi A., Fanning P. Mechanical Behavior and 3D Stress Analysis of Multi-Layered Wooden Beams Made with Welded-Through Wood Dowels. Composite Structures, 2012, vol. 94, iss. 2, pp. 313–321. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.08.029
23. Yoshihara H. Bending Properties of Medium-Density Fiberboard and Plywood Obtained by Compression Bending Test. Forest Products Journal, 2011, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 56–63. DOI: 10.13073/0015-7473-61.1.56

Received on February 25, 2019


Lumber Production for Construction from Round Timber with Heart Rot

 

Make a Submission


ADP_cert_2024.png

Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal) was awarded the "Seal of Recognition for Active Data Provider of the Year 2024"

INDEXED IN: 


DOAJ_logo-colour.png

logotype.png

Логотип.png